不銹鋼加工難點(diǎn)主要有以下幾個(gè)方面：
The difficulties in stainless steel processing mainly include the following aspects:
1. 切削力大，切削溫度高
1. Large cutting force and high cutting temperature
該類型材料強(qiáng)度大，切削時(shí)切向應(yīng)力大、塑性變形大，因而切削力大。此外材料導(dǎo)熱性極差，造成切削溫度升高，且高溫往往集中在刀具刃口附近的狹長(zhǎng)區(qū)域內(nèi)，從而加快了刀具的磨損。
This type of material has high strength, large tangential stress and plastic deformation, so it has high cutting force. In addition, the poor thermal conductivity of the material results in the increase of cutting temperature, and the high temperature is often concentrated in the narrow and long area near the cutting edge, thus speeding up the wear of the tool.
2. 加工硬化嚴(yán)重
2. Severe work hardening
奧氏體不銹鋼以及一些高溫合金不銹鋼均為奧氏體組織，切削時(shí)加工硬化傾向大，通常是普通碳素鋼的數(shù)倍，刀具在加工硬化區(qū)域內(nèi)切削，使刀具壽命縮短。
Austenitic stainless steel and some high-temperature alloy stainless steel are austenitic structure, and the working hardening tendency is large when cutting, which is usually several times of that of ordinary carbon steel. The tool cutting in the working hardening area shortens the tool life.
3. 容易粘刀
3. Easy to stick knife
無(wú)論是奧氏體不銹鋼還是馬氏體不銹鋼均存在加工時(shí)切屑強(qiáng)韌、切削溫度很高的特點(diǎn)。當(dāng)強(qiáng)韌的切屑流經(jīng)前刀面時(shí)，將產(chǎn)生粘結(jié)、熔焊等粘刀現(xiàn)象，影響加工零件表面粗糙度。
Both austenitic stainless steel and martensitic stainless steel have the characteristics of chip strength, toughness and high cutting temperature. When the strong chips flow through the front cutter face, there will be adhesion, fusion welding and other phenomena, which will affect the surface roughness of machined parts.
4. 刀具磨損加快
4. Accelerated tool wear
上述材料一般含高熔點(diǎn)元素、塑性大，切削溫度高，使刀具磨損加快，磨刀、換刀頻繁，從而影響了生產(chǎn)效率，提高了刀具使用成本。
The above materials generally contain high melting point elements, large plasticity and high cutting temperature, which make the tool wear faster, and the tool grinding and changing are frequent, thus affecting the production efficiency and increasing the use cost of the tool.
主要是降低切削線速度，進(jìn)給。采用專門加工不銹鋼或者高溫合金的刀具，鉆孔攻絲更好內(nèi)冷。
It is mainly to reduce the cutting line speed and feed. Special cutting tools for stainless steel or superalloy are used, and internal cooling is best for drilling and tapping.
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