離心風機是依據動能轉換為勢能的原理，應用高速旋轉的葉輪將氣體加速，然后減速、改動流向，使動能轉換成勢能（壓力）。在單級離心風機中，氣體從軸向進入葉輪，氣體流經葉輪時改動成徑向，然后進入擴壓器。在擴壓器中，氣體改動了活動方向并且管道斷面面積增大使氣流減速。
According to the principle that kinetic energy is converted into potential energy, centrifugal fan uses high-speed rotating impeller to accelerate the gas, then decelerates and changes the flow direction, so that kinetic energy is converted into potential energy (pressure). In a single-stage centrifugal fan, the gas enters the impeller from the axial direction, changes to the radial direction when passing through the impeller, and then enters the diffuser. In the diffuser, the movement direction of the gas is changed and the cross-section area of the pipe is increased to slow down the gas flow.
這種減速作用將動能轉換成壓力能。壓力增高主要發作在葉輪中，其次發作在擴壓過程。在多級離心風機中，用回流器使氣流進入下一葉輪，產生更高壓力。離心風機本質是一種變流量恒壓安裝。當轉速一定時，離心風機的壓力-流量理論曲線應是一條直線。由于內部損失，實踐特性曲線是彎曲的。離心風機中所產生的壓力遭到進氣溫度或密度變化的較大影響。
This deceleration converts kinetic energy into pressure energy. The increase of pressure mainly occurred in the impeller, followed by the expansion process. In the multistage centrifugal fan, the air flow is sent into the next impeller with a reflux device to produce higher pressure. Centrifugal fan is essentially a variable flow and constant pressure installation. When the rotating speed is fixed, the theoretical curve of pressure flow of centrifugal fan should be a straight line. Due to internal losses, the practical characteristic curve is curved. The pressure produced in the centrifugal fan is greatly affected by the change of inlet air temperature or density.
對一個給定的進氣量，進氣溫度（空氣密度）時產生的壓力。關于一條給定的壓力與流量特性曲線，就有一條功率與流量特性曲線。當鼓風機以恒速運轉時，關于一個給定的流量，所需的功率隨進氣溫度的降低而升高。
For a given intake volume, the highest intake temperature (lowest air density) produces the lowest pressure. For a given pressure and flow characteristic curve, there is a power and flow characteristic curve. When the blower is running at a constant speed, the required power increases with the decrease of inlet air temperature for a given flow.
磨損問題離心風機傳動部位磨損是常呈現的設備問題，其中包括抽風機軸承位、軸承室磨損、鼓風機軸軸承位磨損等。針對離心風機上述毛病，傳統維修辦法有堆焊、熱噴涂、電刷渡等，但均存在一定弊端：補焊高溫產生的熱應力無法完整消弭，易形成材質損傷，招致部件呈現彎曲或斷裂；而電刷鍍受涂層厚度限制，容易剝落。
The wear problem of the transmission part of the centrifugal fan is a common equipment problem, including the wear of the bearing position of the suction fan, the bearing chamber, and the bearing position of the blower shaft. In view of the above problems of centrifugal fan, the traditional maintenance methods include overlay welding, thermal spraying, brush crossing, etc., but all of them have some disadvantages: the thermal stress generated by high temperature of repair welding can not be completely eliminated, and it is easy to form material damage, resulting in bending or fracture of parts; while brush plating is subject to the limitation of coating thickness, which is easy to peel off.
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